Understanding Earache: Causes, Care and Precautions
Understanding Earache: Causes, Care and Precautions
Earache, medically known as otalgia, is a common discomfort that can affect one or both ears. The pain may be constant or intermittent and can arise from conditions within the ear or from problems in nearby structures. Understanding the cause is important to ensure proper treatment and prevent complications.
Common Causes of Earache
Earache is broadly classified into two types:
Primary Otalgia (Pain originating within the ear)
- Ear infections
- Infection of hair follicles inside the ear
- Presence of foreign objects in the ear
- Fungal infection of the ear canal
- Infection of the skin of the ear canal (Otitis Externa)
- Middle ear infection (Acute or Chronic Otitis Media)
- Dysfunction of the Eustachian tube
- Ear injury due to pressure changes, such as during air travel
- Benign or malignant growths inside the ear
Secondary Otalgia (Pain referred from other areas)
- Tooth problems such as decay or gum infection
- Temporomandibular joint disorders—teeth grinding, bone wear, ill-fitting dentures
- Severe tonsil infections or pus formation
- Sinus infections or allergies affecting the paranasal sinuses
- Neck and spine issues such as spondylosis or injury
In some cases, earache may also arise due to psychological factors.
What to do when you have an Earache
- Apply gentle warm compresses to the outside of the ear
- Use pain-relieving medications if necessary
- Keep your head elevated while sleeping
- Seek medical attention if the pain is severe, persistent or frequently recurring
Things to avoid during an Earache
- Do not insert cotton buds, pins or any sharp objects into the ear
- Avoid letting water enter the ear
- Do not pour oil or home remedies into the ear
- Do not attempt to remove earwax on your own
- Avoid forceful nose blowing
- Refrain from swimming until the earache resolves
By paying attention to these precautions and seeking timely medical care, the underlying cause of earache can be identified and effectively treated.
Dr. Dhanashree A Iyengar
Junior Consultant ENT
SUT Hospital, Pattom